Photographer and filmmaker, Ed Shepard who took the harrowing image above said, “Watching them load the dead birds into the waste trucks I saw clouds of feathers drifting off in the wind and bird after bird falling onto the ground. Eventually one worker kicked the fallen dead birds into a tractor bucket. This was no way to prevent a highly infectious disease from spreading.”

A ticking time bomb

These factory farms create the ideal conditions for the spread of the disease as they give viruses a constant supply of hosts – allowing infections to spread rapidly – and for highly harmful new strains to emerge.

More than half a billion farmed birds have died or been culled globally due to bird flu since 2021. Many were broilers (meat chickens) confined in factory farms where they are crammed closely together in huge sheds, or egg-laying hens that live confined in cages where each hen just has around the size of an A4 sheet of paper.

Author of the report and our Chief Policy Adviser, Peter Stevenson, said: “Bird flu is like a ticking time bomb. Unless we wake up and take urgent action to end factory farming we will simply be unable to stop its rapid spread across the globe or reduce the risk of a serious human pandemic developing.

“Cramming animals together in factory farms in not only totally inhumane, it’s creating the perfect place for bird flu and other viruses to spread and mutate into more dangerous strains. That’s why our END.IT campaign seeks to end factory farming and transform our global food system to ensure the future health of animals, people and our planet.

“Three key actions are needed to tackle this disease – vaccination, major reform of the poultry industry and an end to the factory farming of pigs. Governments around the world must implement this three-point plan without delay. If they don’t, millions more birds and other mammals are likely to suffer and die and the health of millions of people may be in serious jeopardy.”

A real pandemic risk

Birds are not the only animals affected by avian flu. The disease has already spread to mammals – infecting otters, foxes, dolphins, sea lions, mink, and domestic dogs and cats, amongst others. It has also developed the ability to spread from one mink to another – something it previously had not been capable of in mammals; this makes it far more dangerous. If it develops the same ability to spread between humans, it becomes a real pandemic risk.

Our END.IT campaign is building a global movement to end factory farming and transform our global food system to ensure the future health of animals, people and our planet. Sign our petition to END.IT.

Major farm reforms needed to end bird flu